Hip dysplasia is considered to be a genetic disease. It often occurs in larger, purebred breeds such as the Golden Retriever, Great Dane, Saint Bernard and Rottweiler. It can also affect medium sized breeds and rarely, smaller breeds. While it mostly occurs in purebred dogs, if two different breeds that are carriers of the disease reproduce, their offspring are likely to also develop hip dysplasia.
How the Canine Hip Works
The socket joint is located in the pelvis of a canine, while the ball joint is located at the end of the femur of the dog’s leg. In a healthy dog, the ball joint rotates freely and without issue within the socket joint. In short, these bones are well-fitted and held together with a strong ligament.
Canine Hip Dysplasia
When canine hip dysplasia occurs, there are often several issues associated with the joint. As the disease progresses, the joint becomes loose and subluxation occurs. Subluxation, meaning the two bones of the joint no longer come into contact, results in further issues such as changes in the size and shape of the ball and joint socket. Unfortunately, this condition may affect one or both sides of the hip.
Symptoms of Canine Hip Dysplasia
The symptoms of canine hip dysplasia can become apparent as early as five months of age. The most common symptoms include:
- Pain, especially during and after exercise
- Difficulty with basic movement
- Discomfort
- Changes in the way the dog walks
- Stiffness in the rear legs
- A “bunny-hop” gait, especially when running
- Difficulty climbing stairs
- Limping
- Loss of muscle tone
- Inability to get up from a lying down position
Unfortunately, since hip dysplasia can occur at any age, many owners associate these symptoms with the normal aging process. However, with treatment, many older dogs will return to their previous activity levels.
Diagnosis and Treatment of Canine Hip Dysplasia
Fortunately, the diagnostic process for confirming hip dysplasia in a dog is relatively easy. The affected dog, often brought in due to the above mentioned symptoms, will likely undergo a physical exam. During this physical exam, the veterinarian will attempt to recreate the symptoms or the pain, usually by a series of movements of the hind legs.
Hip dysplasia can also be confirmed using x-rays, which will show the visible changes of an affected hip joint.
Once confirmed, the owner has two options: surgical treatment or medical management. There are several different types of surgery that can be used to correct the issue, such as breaking and realigning the bones to prevent subluxation from occurring or a total hip replacement. With medical management, the dog will undergo a lifestyle change that involves a proper diet, supplements, pain medications, anti-inflammatory medications, weight management and exercise.
Jennifer Gittins - Jenne is a 23 year old writer, photographer and musician. She intends to go back to school when the economy picks up for a degree in ...
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